Annual Plant Reviews, Plant Mitochondria by David C. Logan

Author:David C. Logan
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
ISBN: 9781118906590
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Published: 2018-03-05T00:00:00+00:00

The mechanistic basis of how plant mitochondrial activities are choreographed to allow life under highly variable environmental conditions is a field of active ongoing research. Important new insights have been gained recently, although most mechanisms remain unresolved so far. Due to their life under variable environmental conditions, plants are a particularly useful object of study. Insight into their fundamental mechanisms of mitochondrial regulation and signalling holds much potential, not only to understand the dynamics of mitochondrial functionality in plants, but also for their active engineering into any complex organism.

In this chapter, we map out mitochondrial regulatory strategies and signalling concepts in the light of the specific lifestyle of the plant. We will cover three levels of evidence: (1) mechanisms for which experimental evidence is already available from plant mitochondria, (2) mechanisms for which evidence exists from other organelles or species, that may be extrapolated to plant mitochondria, and (3) largely theoretical concepts justified by the specific biological constraints of the plant cell. We set a deliberate focus on the physiological changes that can occur within the mitochondrion, regulation by post‐translational modification (PTM) of mitochondrial proteins, highlighting phosphorylation, lysine acetylation and redox signalling, and concepts of retrograde signalling to adjust nuclear gene expression.

We further explore how this regulation may be integrated with photosynthetic function, regulation and signalling. Extrapolating from the currently available evidence, we aim to critically appraise current regulatory concepts to sketch out a realistic, albeit certainly speculative, selective and incomplete picture of how the flexible functionality of plant mitochondria may be orchestrated.

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